Characterization of tungsten tips for STM by SEM/AES/XPS

Characterization of tungsten tips for STM by SEM/AES/XPS

For the first time, both X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) techniques were applied in analysis of surface contamination of electrochemically etched Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) tungsten tips. Carbon monoxide, graphite, tungsten carbide and tungsten oxide were found as main surface contaminations of STM tungsten tips. The thickness of tungsten ox...

Protein Removal from Tungsten Field-emitter Tips

The r emova l of p r o t e i n m u l t i l a y e r s , and i n d i v i d u a l p r o t e i n molecules from tungs ten f i e l d e m i t t e r t i p s i s described. T i p s exposed t o UV r a d i a t i o n f o r s e v e r a l m i n u t e s i n a i r , o r t o a low p re s su re glow discharge remain covered wi th a p r o t e i n r e s idue t h a t c a n n o t be removed w i t h o u t mod i fy i...

study of cohesive devices in the textbook of english for the students of apsychology by rastegarpour

this study investigates the cohesive devices used in the textbook of english for the students of psychology. the research questions and hypotheses in the present study are based on what frequency and distribution of grammatical and lexical cohesive devices are. then, to answer the questions all grammatical and lexical cohesive devices in reading comprehension passages from 6 units of 21units th...

Improvement of STM Resolution with H-sensitized Tips

Atomic scale spin-dependent STM on magnetite using antiferromagnetic STM tips.

STM tips made from antiferromagnetic MnNi have been used to investigate the atomic structure of the (001) and (111) surfaces of Fe3O4. The clean (001) surface displays a ( radical2 x radical2)R45 degrees superlattice, which is attributed to charge-ordering on the surface, where Fe(2+)-Fe2+ and Fe(3+)-Fe3+ dimers can be discriminated. The oxygen-terminated (111) surface is characterized by a hex...